Fakulta filozofická; Katedra filozofie

Akanksha Nambiar

Decision-making: A neuro-philosophical approach to interpret the components

This presentation focuses on understanding the relationship between consciousness and decision-making from an agent perspective. This will be delved deeper from a neurophilosophical approach which would help us interpret it from 3 fields: Psychology, Philosophy, and Neuroscience. I will introduce the concept and components of decision-making and metacognition to explore the co-relation. This will enhance the relatability of the topic in a wider frame. My aim includes: 1. To analyze the decision-making process in the brain and the role consciousness played in this process. 2. To interpret decision-making as a window for cognition. In addition, I will also present Daniel Kahneman and Michael Shadlen’s scientific experiments to support my aim. The primary agenda of my presentation is to perceive the novice thought of diversifying consciousness and procuring the intended results with the help of scientific experiments.

Mgr. Vojtěch Kaše, Ph.D.

TBA

Mgr. Kristýna Böerová

David Chalmer's technophilosophy

The connection between technology and philosophy has been known for some time, dating back to the 1950s when Alan Turing published his famous article Computing Machinery and Intelligence. Over time, a new branch of philosophy began to take shape, which aimed to explore and analyse the consequences that, with ever-evolving technology, might arise. There is now a philosophy of artificial intelligence, a philosophy concerned with virtual worlds, ethical issues, etc.

In 2022, David J. Chalmers published a book, Reality+, in which he presents his project, which he calls technophilosophy. This is not the first time this term has appeared in the history of philosophy, the first who used it was Mario Budge in 1979 in his study The Five Buds of Philosophy. However, their definitions differ substantially. Technophilosophy, as Chalmers puts it, is a combination of asking philosophical questions about technology and using technology to answer some of the big traditional philosophical questions in epistemology, ontology, and ethics.  The project of technophilosophy should be, at least in part, a unifying element of some separate branches of philosophy.

Mgr. Michaela Fikejzová

Illocutionary harm

In this lecture, I will discuss different types of so-called illocutionary harm. Following J. L. Austin, philosophers of language are currently concerned with communicative situations in which speakers are (unfairly but often systematically) denied the opportunity or ability to perform certain speech acts. In this lecture, I will present several approaches (Langton, Hesni, Kukla, McGowan) that are attempting to locate where exactly the failure of a given speech act occurs. These include illocutionary silencing, illocutionary frustration, discursive injustice, and others.

Mgr. Radek Schuster, Ph.D.

Workshop: Strojové modelování filozofického textu

• Vykazují řetězce jazykových znaků, které pojednávají o epistemologii, logice, ontologii či etice, nějakou zvláštní překážku pro jejich strojové zpracování?
• Lze AI používat jako asistenta při formulování etických dilemat a jejich řešení podobně jako při počítání matematických úloh či kódování algoritmů?
• Je Chat-GPT jen „filozofické zombie“, jehož produkci znaků nelze naplnit sémantikou ani jeho instalováním do našich každodenních sociálních praktik?
• Je metafyzika pouze „pseudoproblém“, který lze rozpustit neustálým vyjasňováním zdánlivě záhadných otázek v konverzaci s Chat-GPT?

• Fragmentárnost a aforistický styl Wittgensteinových textů je výzvou pro Wittgensteinovo „oživování“ pomocí transformerových modelů. (Experiment s fine-tuning GPT-NeoX).
• Wittgensteinovy filozofické analýzy jazyka skýtají kritickou i konstruktivní reflexi principů fungování LLM a NLP obecně.

24.03.2023

Nicolas Baumard (Ecole Normale Supérieure – PSL University)

Cognitive fossils: How literature, music and the arts can be used to recover individual preferences in history

Psychology is key to understanding human history. Changes in people’s preferences have been shown to lead to important changes in institutions, social norms, and cultures. However, the role of psychology in shaping human history has been underestimated and understudied because of the difficulty of studying the thoughts and preferences of people who are no longer alive. Recent developments in psychology suggest that cultural artifacts reflect, in part, the preferences of the individuals who produced or consumed them. These results can now be combined with new methods in computational sciences. Specifically, text mining methods have facilitated the quantification of emotions and personality trait in contemporary material (e.g., newspapers, social media); face detection algorithms have enabled the automated extraction of emotions; automatic extraction of melodic information from music scores and audio records have allowed to quantify the emotional content of thousands of contemporary songs. Cultural artifacts can thus serve as “cognitive fossils,” i.e., physical imprints of cognitive mechanisms that no longer exist.I will present three case studies: love, imaginary worlds and parental affection.

PhDr. Tomáš Hříbek, Ph.D.

"Až zastanou všechnu práci"

Přednáška o filosofických, etických a politických výzvách AI a robotizace v ekonomii. Co je to práce? Pracují stroje? Je-li práce podstatná lidská aktivita, mohlo by ji něco nahradit? Jak by mohla měla vypadat spravedlivá společnost postpráce? Dá se čekat spíš eliminace práce, nebo spolupráce lidí s AI a roboty?

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14.04.2023

The Sociological Subversion: The Conflict between Sociology and Philosophy over Science

The conference and the ensuing debate will be devoted to the quarrel between sociology and philosophy over "science". In the second half of the 20th century, the study of science moved from the fringes of sociological interest to its very center. Teaching, in one of its forms, that the understanding of science and the understanding of society should be similar, the sociology of scientific knowledge even ends up becoming of prime importance for the general sociology itself. I will present the sociological reflection of science as a changing research project that, at its peak, attempted to deprive philosophy of its hegemonic role in science’s public-image making.

Big data, High Performance Computing, and the Scottish Enlightenment: the Helsinki Computational History Group

For the past decade, the Computational History Group (COMHIS) at the University of Helsinki have been applying quantitative methods to the study of the past, work which is in the midst of being transformed by the use of High Performance Computing (HPC), allowing us to ask entirely new types of questions of our data. In this talk I will outline some of the current research strands of the group, and how I see them contributing to our wider research goals. I’ll introduce some case studies concerning our key research focus: eighteenth century intellectual history and the Scottish Enlightnment, through the analysis of the digitised books from Eighteenth Century Collections Online (ECCO). I’ll also share some thoughts on the new opportunities and research possibilities unlocked by HPC and the latest ‘large language models’.

Workshop: Umělá inteligence a kolektivní imaginace

Workshop je přesunut na 6. 10. 2023 

FB událost: https://www.facebook.com/events/3398232380438601?ref=newsfeed

FDVT a 2. ročník FUI

Prezentace studentů Katedry filozofie